Tuesday, October 16, 2012

Triangles of Exposure


Aperture
An adjustable opening in an optical instrument like camera which limits the light passing through a lens or onto a mirror; aperture is also the diameter of the objective of an instrument such as a telescope.


Shutter Speed
Shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time a camera’s shutter is open. The total exposure is proportional to the exposure time, or duration of light reaching the film or image sensor. The shutter speed helps distinguish between a blurry photo and a clear one.


ISO
ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The lower the number, the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. Higher ISO settings are usually used in darker situations to get faster shutter speeds. 100 ISO is “normal” and will give shots with little grain. The ISO is directly linked to the aperture and shutter speed


Depth of Field
Depth of field refers to the range of distance that appears acceptably sharp. It varies depending on camera type, aperture and focusing distance, although print size and viewing distance can also influence our perception of depth of field.

Motion Blur
Motion blur is the apparent streaking of quickly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images like a animation or movie. The method by which fast-moving objects appear blurred. Each frame in a film is an average sample taken over about half the time it takes to record the frame.

Noise and Light Sensitivity
Conventional film comes in different sensitivities for different purposes. The lower the sensitivity, the finer the grain, but more light is needed. The lower the sensitivity, the finer the grain, but more light is needed. This is really good outdoor photography, but for low-light conditions or action photography, more sensitive or “fast” film is used which is more “grainy.” When increasing the sensitivity, the output of sensor is amplified, so less light is needed. Unfortunately that also amplifies the unwanted noise. This creates more grainy pictures but because of different reasons. New technology are steadily reducing the noise levels at higher ISOs.